기업의 청년층과 고령층 고용결정요인 분석

This paper empirically analyzes the determinants of the employment share of elderly workers and younger workers using the "Workplace Panel Survey" in South Korea. We used the Seemingly Unrelated Regression (SUR) model and the 3 stages least squares method (3SLS) to reflect the correlation between the employment of the two ages groups. Estimated results show that the wage of younger workers, the usage of computer in a firm and the amount of firm’s sales have positive impacts on the share of younger workers in firms. Meanwhile, the ratio of contingent workers in firm, firm age and the existence of labor union influence on the employment share of younger workers negatively. Further, the firm located in the capital area is more likely to raise the ratio of younger workers. Empirical study also shows that those factors have different impacts on the employment share of elderly workers. The wage of elderly workers, the usage of computer in a firm, the amount of firm’s sales and the ratio of contingent workers in a firm have negative impacts on the share of elderly workers in firms. The existence of labor union and firm age influences the employment share of elderly workers positively. the firm located in non-capital areas is more likely to raise the ratio of elderly workers. The analysis using SUR and 3SLS shows that shares of elderly workers and younger workers in firms are negatively related, and suggests that two types of workers could substitute each other.