동부 유라시아의 元帥大旗: 툭･톡(tuγ) 그리고 독･둑(纛)의 遺傳

This paper is focused on the ancient army banner, called Dok/Tu(纛) or Tuγ, in the Eastern part of Eurasia, especially around the Mongol plateau. Dok/Tu (纛) or Tuγ, the ancient army banner sounds very similar each other. From their pronunciations, it is quite clear that they have a same etymological origin. These words had been used on the vast part of the Eurasian continent from Korea to Turkey in the pre-modern era. Some examples from Turkish, Mongolian, Tibetan, Korean, Manchu, and Chinese texts show us that Dok/Tu (纛) or Tuγ had spread through campaigns of the Turk and Mongol empire. But the etymology of these words has not been fully investigated.
B. Laufer(1874~1934), in an attempt to explain the relationships among Dok/Tu(纛) or Tuγ, addressed that Dok originated from the ancient Chinese empire Han(漢). However the ancient Chinese Dok(纛) like as the yellow imperial carriage (huang-wu-zuo-tu, 黃屋左纛) was quite different in the shape and the usage with those of Dok/Tu(纛) or Tuγ. This article will investigate the origin of Dok/Tu(纛) or Tuγ and excavate examples of Eurasian cultural interrelationship.