수치해석을 통한 터널 발파로 인한 비전기뇌관과 전자뇌관 성능 비교 연구

With the increasing demand for underground space development, minimizing blast-induced vibrations and improving efficiency have become critical challenges. A hybrid approach using non-electric and electronic detonators is being adopted among various alternatives. Non-electric detonators utilize pyrotechnic delays, resulting in a relatively large initiation error of ±10% and limited delay ranges (MS (millisecond) or LS (long period)). In contrast, electronic detonators, controlled by electronic timers, enable ultra-precise delay adjustments with an error margin within 0.01%, effectively mitigating unexpected vibration amplifications. This study analyzed field data and performed numerical simulations to compare detonators' performance by evaluating permissible charge weights and vibration attenuation patterns. The results showed that non-electric detonators exceeded the permissible vibration limit within 15 m to the blast source, whereas electronic detonators satisfied the standard limit for all measurement points. On the surface, electronic detonators exhibited vibration levels approximately 59% lower than non-electric detonators. In addition, amplified vibrations in the non-electric detonators were observed due to wave interference in vertical vibration velocity (Vy) analysis.