열차자율주행을 위한 통합 안테나 설계

Train control systems are shifting towards an approach centered around onboard systems, communication, and software, leading to significant changes. These changes aim to enhance control efficiency, reduce the interval between trains, and minimize infrastructure and maintenance costs. The current CBTC (Communications-Based Train Control) system significantly reduces the driving interval by utilizing bidirectional wireless communication between onboard control systems and ground control systems. However, it faces limitations due to its reliance on a centralized ground control system, a limited number of manageable trains, and a fixed control flow. To overcome these limitations, the development of ATCS (Autonomous Train Control System) is underway. ATCS promotes inter-train cooperation and reduces dependency on ground control commands, allowing trains to independently determine their movement authority. For ATCS systems to function effectively, low-latency and high-reliability wireless communication is crucial. This paper focuses on an integrated antenna design suitable for ATCS systems. The antenna covers a wide range of frequencies including the LTE-R band, 5G sub-6G band, e-Um5G band, V2X band, and GPS band, enabling wireless communication applications for ATCS systems. In particular, the proposed antenna structure is designed to optimize radiation characteristics specifically tailored for autonomous train operations.