유물론 선언: 천 개의 유물론을 위하여

This article is a kind of response to the problems that the recent philosophies such as speculative realism, object-oriented ontology, and new materialism and the recent anthropology called ‘ontological turn’ or ‘symmetrical anthropology’ affect me to think. However, it is not a direct response in the sense that it is an attempt to redefine and expand materialism in a new way through the affection. In this article, instead of the definition of the old materialism as the belief in the reality of matter and affirmation of its recognizability, I propose the definition of materialism as “thinking by the outside,” and try to explicate it in various ways. This thinking leads to a method of grasping all beings on a single plane without any a priori hierarchy by thinking of everything such as humans and subjects as intensive multiplicity through ‘the farthest things.’ This method, which will be called “ontological planarization,” treats materialism itself as a multiplicity that must be varied by the outside. In the war without gun smoke with the idealism, against the familiar and the inner, the materialist forms a community with the things that are connected to him in an assemblage. Every individual is an individualized community of multiple elements. Through these thoughts, the materialist digs a hole to be termed “outside” in the existing capitalism. This opens up the possibility of a different life outside the binary opposition between reformism and revolutionism.