인공지능과 철학적 인간학: 인공지능과 사이보그가 던지는 철학적 물음들

This paper deals with the effects of artificial intelligence and cyborgs on traditional philosophy and anthropology. To delve into the effects, I conducted a study on three philosophical problems, which can be named as “Platon’s problem”, ”Descartes’ problem” and “Engels’ problem”. I will use the ontological planarization as a methodology, which dealt with human, life and machine on a continuous plane. The key results are as in the following. First, artificial intelligence or cyborgs refute Platon’s thought about the original and the copies in a perspective which is different from simulacre. Because artificial intelligence or cyborgs overcome reality by copying the original impeccably. Second, cyborgs refute Descartes’ thought about body and mind by making body’s extensional boundaries hugely flexible. Third, “idealism of information”, which argues that information is everything, is still blocked by a wall of materiality. I pointed out that the perspective of information theory, which considers even a transplant or transmission of a brain or a sort of things like that possible, is ignoring a brain is an organ for moving, even though artificial intelligence and cyborgs make the importance of information clear. Lastly, a recurring image of hostile relations between human and machine stems from the Turing test which assumes a competitive scheme between human and machine. I claim that fear of domination of machine, which is produced by the hostile scheme, is not rational.