한일 기술 교류와 ‘국산화’ 개념의 변화

Kuksanhwa (localization or indigenization) has always been one of the important goals of South Korean technology policy during the last half century or so. In particular, overdependence on Japanese technology was a big concern for South Korean policymakers.
To overcome the problem, the South Korean political and industrial leaders have constantly promoted the policy of kuksanhwa. This article shows that the goal of kuksanhwa policies has shifted significantly through time, depending on the internal technological capabilities and external circumstances in the global political economy. By focusing on two case studies, the power tiller in the 1960~1970s and the electric rice cooker in the early 1980s, this article argues that the latest policy of kuksanhwa should be evaluated from a broader vantage point.