20대 이후 성인의 연령별 시기능 변화 연구

Purpose: This study aimed to determine age-dependent changes in visual function and phoria.
Methods: A total of 200 patients (131 men and 69 women) without ophthalmological or systemic disorders underwent diagnostic interviews. The following elements of visual function were assessed in the dominant eye in triplicate using a control target (near point rod), a PD ruler, and a phoropter.
Results: The average age of the study group was 39.57±11.41 years(men, 39.56±10.50 years; women, 39.58±13.06 years). In 168 subjects(84%), the right eye (OS) was dominant, while in 32 subjects (16%), it was the left eye(OD). The mean dominant-eye exophthalmetry was 13.62±1.07mm; myopia, –2.48±1.91 D; exophoria at distance, 3.51±1.78 ∆; exophoria at near, 5.73±2.44∆; near point of convergence, 9.63±2.82cm; and near point of accommodation, 21.73±10.28cm. Exophoria at distance, exophoria at near, and exophthalmetry were significantly increased with age while near point of convergence, near point of accommodation, and esophoria at distance were significantly decreased. Although esophoria at near showed a decreasing trend with age, this failed to reach statistical significance. Myopia, astigmatism, and naked vision were not affected by increasing age.
Conclusions: Exophoria and esophoria at distance, exophoria at near, near point of convergence, near point of accommodation, and exophthalmetry were increased with age. On the other hand, esophoria at near was decreased, and myopia, astigmatism, and naked vision showed an even distribution regardless of age.