A method for deforming a surface model using guide surfaces in shoe design

This paper presents a method for deforming a surface model using guide surfaces. Two guide surfaces are given as references on which the surface model lies before and after deformation. The proposed method consists of two steps: surface development and model deformation. The surface development first constructs a one-to-one mapping between two guide surfaces and yields displacement constraints. Displacement constraints are then used to create a smooth 3D vector field, a deformation function for model deformation which maps an arbitrary point on the original model onto the corresponding point on the deformed model. The proposed method, implemented as a module of the shoe design system in C++ and Unigraphics using UG/Open, can also be applied to a variety of design problems (e.g., clothing).