TY - JOUR
T1 - Dermal toxicity studies of 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one (CAS number: 2634-33-5) in Sprague-Dawley rats
AU - Lee, Joon Goo
AU - Maruthupandy, Muthuchamy
AU - Park, Chul Beom
AU - Moon, Seol Hee
AU - Yang, Soyoung
AU - Jung, Misook
AU - Park, Sun Hee
AU - Han, Beom Seok
AU - Cho, Wan Seob
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2024 Elsevier Ltd
PY - 2024/11
Y1 - 2024/11
N2 - Biocides are used as preservatives in various household products, and 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one (BIT) is one of the popular chemicals. Therefore, BIT is highly likely to be exposed to human skin, necessitating dermal toxicity evaluation. In this study, we aimed to investigate dermal toxicity, eyes and skin irritation, and skin sensitization of BIT. All studies were conducted according to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development testing guidelines. In acute dermal toxicity using rats, no treatment-related responses were observed at the highest dose (2000 mg/kg). A 28-day repeated dermal toxicity study at 1, 4, and 12 mg/kg/day showed transient local skin irritation lesions, including erythema, exfoliation, and crust formation. Based on no systemic effects, the no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) of BIT of the 28-day repeated dermal toxicity study was determined to be 12 mg/kg/day. Eye and skin irritation tests showed that BIT is a strong irritant and corrosive to the eyes and a mild irritant to the skin. However, BIT showed no skin sensitization reactions in a local lymph node assay. These dermal toxicity studies can provide valuable information for the risk assessment of BIT.
AB - Biocides are used as preservatives in various household products, and 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one (BIT) is one of the popular chemicals. Therefore, BIT is highly likely to be exposed to human skin, necessitating dermal toxicity evaluation. In this study, we aimed to investigate dermal toxicity, eyes and skin irritation, and skin sensitization of BIT. All studies were conducted according to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development testing guidelines. In acute dermal toxicity using rats, no treatment-related responses were observed at the highest dose (2000 mg/kg). A 28-day repeated dermal toxicity study at 1, 4, and 12 mg/kg/day showed transient local skin irritation lesions, including erythema, exfoliation, and crust formation. Based on no systemic effects, the no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) of BIT of the 28-day repeated dermal toxicity study was determined to be 12 mg/kg/day. Eye and skin irritation tests showed that BIT is a strong irritant and corrosive to the eyes and a mild irritant to the skin. However, BIT showed no skin sensitization reactions in a local lymph node assay. These dermal toxicity studies can provide valuable information for the risk assessment of BIT.
KW - 1,2-Benzisothiazolin-3-one
KW - Biocides
KW - Dermal toxicity
KW - Eye irritation
KW - Skin irritation
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85206521834&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.fct.2024.115054
DO - 10.1016/j.fct.2024.115054
M3 - Article
C2 - 39396698
AN - SCOPUS:85206521834
SN - 0278-6915
VL - 193
JO - Food and Chemical Toxicology
JF - Food and Chemical Toxicology
M1 - 115054
ER -