Dual-band half-elliptic hoof antenna with mathieu function for a femto-cell network

The design of a half-elliptic hoof antenna for a femto-cell network in a multi-input multioutput system is proposed. The proposed half-elliptic hoof antenna incorporates half-elliptic surfaces, and has multiresonance frequencies in its TM modes. The half-elliptic design of the proposed antenna resonates with two main current paths, and the resonant frequency of each mode can be calculated using the Mathieu function. Moreover, an additional resonator is inserted between the half-elliptic patch and a ground to obtain additional resonance frequency and a wider bandwidth on the high band. The proposed antenna covers the frequency bands from 880 to 960 MHz and from 1710 to 2170 MHz for Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM)/Digital Cellular System (DCS)/Personal Communications Service (PCS)/International Mobile Telecommunications (IMT) with a peak gain of 6.8 dBi. To validate the design of the proposed antenna, the analysis of the antenna using the simulated and measured results is presented and discussed.