Effects of rubbing angle on maximum transmittance of in-plane switching liquid crystal display

Measurements of the maximum transmittance of an in-plane switching liquid crystal display showed that it increases as rubbing angle is increased from 10 to 20°. This dependence was analysed in terms of the local variation of electric field intensity between electrodes, which in turn makes liquid crystal at various positions between the electrodes rotate to different angles. The local variation of electric field becomes prominent, especially in the case that the distance between the electrodes is much larger than the cell gap or electrode width.