Enhanced Performance of Triboelectric Nanogenerator Based on TiO₂ Nanoparticle/Nylon 66 Composite Nanofibers

Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) performance enhancement has been investigated for the last decade as the most promising mechanical energy harvesting technology. In this study, we demonstrated the enhancement of TENG performances based on fabricating efficient triboelectric material, TiO₂/nylon 66 composite nanofiber (NF) structure, by electrospinning process. Structural investigations showed that the TiO₂ nanoparticles (NPs) were successfully incorporated into the nylon 66 without changing its crystalline and chemical properties. The electrical measurements showed that the TiO₂/nylon 66 composites exhibited superior triboelectric performance with improved electrical polarity. As the TiO₂ NP contents increased, the output voltage of TENGs with the TiO₂/nylon 66 composite NFs increased continuously. The 6.4 wt% TiO₂/nylon 66 composite was the most optimized content, and the output voltage performance was improved by up to 25% compared with pristine nylon 66. Also, the current increased by 2.6 times, but the performance decreased slightly when the TiO₂ content was exceeded. In addition, the power density was about 1.75 mW/cm², about 1.9 times higher, and the charge storage capacity was increased by 32% compared to the pristine one. The TiO₂/nylon 66 composites with improved triboelectric output and continuous electrical stability successfully demonstrated performance to produce 100 light-emitting diodes (LEDs).