Investigation of strain behaviour of soil surrounding the embedded wall by close range photogrammetry

This paper discusses strain behaviour of soil surrounding the embedded wall using the close range photogrammetric technique and finite element analysis k]The finite element analyses incorporated two forms of an interface element for the plane-strain analyses and it was found that the degree of non-associated flow was a dominant factor in terms of numerical solution convergence k]However k]a comparative study showed that the displacement and strain data from the finite element analysis was in good agreement with the model test using the photo imaging process.