Nitrite scavenging ability and SOD-like activity of a sterol glucoside from chrysanthemum coronarium L. Var. Spatiosum

From the total methanolic extract of Chrysanthemum coronarium L. var. spatiosum (Compositae), nitrite scavenging ability and superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activity were analyzed as antioxidative characteristics. After successive partitioning with chloroform, w-butanol. and water, the chloroform fraction showed the most significant nitrite scavenging ability with an IC ₅₀ value of 39 ppm compared with the values of vitamin C and chlorogenic acid, 15 ppm and 36 ppm, respectively. The active fraction was subjected to silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography, and the compound was isolated and identified as β-sitosterol-O-β-D-glucoside using ^'H-NMR and ¹³C-NMR spectral data. The glucoside was further hydrolyzed and confirmed as a glycosylated p-sitosterol. The compound and its aglycone, β-sitosterol, showed different nitrite scavenging and SOD-like activity. The IC₅₀ value of nitrite scavenging ability of the compound was 335 ppm at pH 1.5, while that of its aglycone was 41 ppm. As for the SOD-like activity, the EC₅₀ values of the sterol and the glucoside were 1,291 ppm and > 2,000 ppm, respectively, compared with those of vitamin C and chlorogenic acid, 38 ppm and 449 ppm, respectively.