Optimization of mobile-relay-aided base station sleep mode in wireless dense small cell network

In this paper, a novel sleep-mode base station (BS) selection scheme, namely forced handover, is proposed using the mobile stations as mobile relay stations in order to maximize number of sleeping BSs. Forced-handover is a concept of forcing edge mobile stations to neighbour relay stations for both energy saving and SINR improvement of the network. The proposed energy saving scheme can be applied to not only micro sleep and macro sleep mode but also turning off the BSs. The performances of BS sleep mode schemes is investigated in various environments such as small cell network and different user distributions.