Synergistic mechanisms and field implementation of fiber-reinforced polymeric cementitious composites (FRPCCs): Pathways toward advanced structural performance

The mechanical performance and durability of fiber-reinforced polymeric cementitious composites (FRPCCs) are critical for improving repair efficiency and extending the service life of deteriorated concrete infrastructure, including bridges and tunnels. Despite growing research interest, understanding of how synergistic interactions between fibers and polymers govern mechanical strength, durability, and microstructural evolution remains limited. This review addresses this gap by systematically examining the mechanical enhancement, durability improvement, and microstructural refinement of FRPCCs arising from fiber-polymer synergy. In addition, a cost-benefit assessment is included to evaluate the practical feasibility of FRPCCs for concrete repair applications. The reviewed studies show that the combined incorporation of fibers and polymers leads to enhanced load-bearing capacity, crack resistance, fracture toughness, and matrix densification compared with systems containing either constituent alone. These improvements are attributed to cooperative mechanisms between fibers and polymeric matrices that promote stress transfer, regulate crack initiation and propagation, and improve long-term durability. Overall, this review elucidates the synergistic mechanisms underpinning FRPCCs performance enhancement and provides insights to guide future research and large-scale implementation of this emerging composite technology.